It is good to know that Sweden and Poland are cooperating in the development of the spallation source.

Every time I hear of a new apparatus or machine intended to probe, manipulate, or utilize matter on the scale of the atomic nucleus or smaller, I feel that humanity has made another great step in fundamental science and technology.

For researchers who are not necessarily familiar with some of the latest apparatus being developed to manipulate nuclear or sub-nuclear matter, I would like to briefly point out the following major developments in the respective field.

1) The Large Hadron Collider or LHC of the CERN facility in Europe will soon be operational. The energy of collision of protons in this machine will be about 14 TeV or about 20,000 times the rest mass of the proton.

2) Within the U.S., there has been at the very least a serious proposal to upgrade the luminosity of the relativistic heavy ion collider or RHIC.

3) There is also within the planning stages a so-called rare isotope collider which will produce beams of rare isotopes in the hope of producing new elements and/or isotopes.

4) Also planned is a 1 1/2 TeV to 2 TeV Linac. Because this apparatus will be able to accelerate electrons to collision energies as high as 2 TeV, a whole new window will become available to probe any sub-structure of electrons, but perhaps more likely, result in the production of particles that the LHC will not necessarily be able to produce. The use of different particle species in high energy experiments is useful in physics for studying different particle transformations and decays.